Introduction to C Language

C programming is considered as the base for other programming languages, that is why it is known as mother language.

It can be defined by the following ways:

1. Mother language

2. System programming language

3.Procedure-oriented programming language

4. Structured programming language

5. Mid-level programming language

1) C as a mother language

C language is considered as the mother language of all the modern programming languages because most of the compilers, JVMs, Kernels, etc. are written in C language, and most of the programming languages follow C syntax, for example, C+ +, Java, C#, etc.

It provides the core concepts like the array, strings, functions, file handling, etc. that are being used in many languages like C+ +, Java, C#, etc.

2) C as a system programming language

A system programming language is used to create system software. C language is a system programming language because it can be used to do low-level programming (for example and kernel). it is generally used to create hardware devices,OS, drivers, kernels, etc. For example, Linux kernel written in C.

It can't be used for internet programming like Java, .Net, PHP, etc.

3) C as a procedural language

A procedure known as a function, method, routine, subroutine. etc. A procedural language specifies a series of steps for the program to solve the program.

A procedural language breaks the program into functions, data structured, etc.

C is a procedural language. In C, variables and function prototypes must be declared before being used.

4) C as a structured programming language

A structured programming language is a subset of the procedural language. Structure means to break a program into parts or blocks so it may be easy to understand.

In the C language, we break the program into parts using functions. It makes the program easier to understand and modify.

5) C as a mid-level programming language

C is considered as a middle-level language because it supports the feature of both low-level and high-level languages. C language program is converted into assembly code,it supports pointer arithmetic (low-level), but it is machine independent (a feature of high-level).

A low-level language is specific to one machine, i.e., machine dependent. It is machine dependent, fast to run. But it is not easy to understand.

A High-level language is not specific to one machine, i.e., machine independent.it is easy to understand.

C Program

In the tutorial , all C program are given with C compiler so that you can quickly change the C program code.

File main.C

1. #Include <stdio.h>

2. int main() {

3. printf("hello C Programming/n");

4. return 0;

5. }

History of C Language

History of C Language is interesting to know. Here we are going to discuss a brief history of the C language.

C programming Language was developed in 1972 by Dennis Ritchie at bell laboratories

of AT&T (American Telephone and Telegraph), Located in the U.S.A.

Dennis Ritchie is known as the founder of the C Language.

It was developed to overcome the problems of previous language such as B, BCPL, ETC.

Initially C Language developed to be used in UNIX operating system. It inherits many features of previous language such as B & BCPL.

Let's see the programming language that were developed before C Language.

Features of C Language

C is the widely used language . It previous many features that are given below.

1. Simple

2. Machine independent or portable

3. Mid level programming language

4. Structured programming language

5. Rich library

6. Memory management

7. Fast speed

8. Pointers

9. Recursion

10. Extensible

1 ) Simple

C is the simple language in the sense that is provides a structured approach (to break the problems into parts),the rich set of library functions , data types, etc.

2 ) Machine independent or portable

Unlike assembly language C programs can be executed on different machines with some machine specific changes. Therefore, C is a Machine independent language.

3 ) Mid level programming language

Although, C is intended to do low level programming . It is used to develop system applications such as kernel, driver etc. It also supports the features of a high level language. That is why it is known as low level language.

4 ) Structured programming language

C is the structured programming language in the sense that we can broke the program into parts using functions. So it is easy to understand and modify. Functions also provide code reusability.

5 ) Rich library

C Provides a lot of inbuilt functions that make the development fast.

6 ) Memory management

It supports the features of dynamic memory allocation. In C Language we can free the allocated memory at any time by calling the free() functions.

7 ) Fast speed

The compilation and execution time of C Language is fast since there are lesser inbuilt functions and hence the lesser overhead.

8 ) Pointers

C Provides the features of pointers. we can directly interact with the memory by using the pointers . We can use pointers for memory, structures , functions , array ,etc.

9 ) Recursion

In C we can all the function within the functions. It provides code reusability for every functions. Recursion enables us to use the approach of backtracking.

10 ) Extensible

C Language is extensible because it can easily adopt new features.

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Introduction to C Language